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DSW
04-06-2008, 11:56 AM
This will be a long post so bear with me.

Thought I'd post these picts and let you all see what happened to me. I am trained in O2 cleaning for Hp O2 service and special procedures for gas mixing.

Several years ago I worked part time for a dive shop. We frequently tranfilled O2 using the booster pump in the photos. I was mixing gas for our bank system. Hook up a new bottle of O2 to the inlet and slowly dump of into the bank to be filled until they equalize. Then turn on the booster, slowly sucking the O2 bottle down and pumping up the bank. Once the O2 bottle was depleted ( pressure in tank would vary depending on level being boosted to) unhook the O2 bottle and repeat until desired pressure in bank was reached, top with air to achieve final mix.

On this day I had already emptied 3 280cf bottles of O2 and had hooked up the 4th one. Bank equalized at around 1300 psi and I slowly started the booster. I generally monitor how the system was running by checking the temp on the output line. If the line became very warm to the touch, not as hot as hot water from a tap, I would slow the unit down or switch O2 bottles.

BTW I was the anal one about mixing at the shop. If I had been any of the other guys, I'd have turned on the booster and walked away and ignored it for a while, returning later to turn it off and change bottles. I've seen guys get things so hot you can't touch the tank being filled, and it's sitting in water. But NO I had to be the responsible one and stand there and monitor it.

I had just checked the line and it was slightly warm when this happened. As you can see from the photos something went wrong. I wish I could find my before picts. If you look at the bottom of the booster you will see 2 loose lines. That’s what is left of the outlet lines. The 1/2"SS HP fitting that went into the booster, 5 of the SS 1/4" tube to 1/4" npt swageloc fittings that attached the 2 SS HP Tees, and the interconnecting 1/4" SS HP tubing is GONE, vaporized in an instant. If you look closely you can see the remaining half of the 6th adapter to the first tee in the bottom of the picts. The 2 tees survived but looked like someone burned all the threads out with a torch. My guess from the damage is that the fireball had to be about 24-30” in dia. in order to get all of my arm.

18470
18471
18472

I wish I could have gotten the picts they took of my arm at the burn ward. They wouldn't give them to me, guess they thought I wanted to sue.

My hand was just about where you see that partial fitting. 3rd degree burns on my right hand from finger tips to elbow, about 85-90% of my lower arm. Lucky for me the heavy calluses on my hand from doing concrete ( my primary job) protected my hand and fingers. Basically turned the palm of my hand into shoe leather. Flash charred all the other skin but was over so fast there was little depth to the burns. One week in the burn ward and lite duty for the next couple of months, you can hardly see the scars. Small amounts pin point amounts of SS spatter on my upper arm, chest and face. Thank god for glasses! Burns stopped where my skin was protected by my cotton t shirt.

Somehow I managed to shut off everything except the incoming O2. I don't remember anything for the next few minutes, but I had to have done it. The only reason the O2 wasn't turned off was that I would have done that with my right hand while my left hand was shutting off the other valves. Shut valves on left with left hand, shut valves on right with right hand. Talk about muscle memory!

Now what happened. Possible causes,
1) Foreign matter into system from valve (spider web perhaps)
2) Foreign matter from system ( piece of brass from valves due to poor maintenance)
3) Oil contamination from air system (due to poor maintenance)
4) Adiabatic compression
5) Check valve failure on output of booster.
6) Operator error (unlikely due to the fact I was watching the pressure going in and it couldn’t do that if a valve was closed.)

We talked to the mfg of the booster and sent it to them for analysis. They were unable to determine the cause because most of the lower piston and valve assembly was vaporized in the flash. However they say this is not an uncommon occurrence in the airline industry where they use these boosters to fill O2 bottles for the flight crew. Their solution put the unit in a blast cabinet and LET IT BLOW UP! Go figure. Our sister companies compressor techs believe check valve failure due to similar failures on HP compressors. When the valve fails hot discharge gas flows back into the piston and is recompressed raising the temp. only a few cycles would have been needed to severely raise the output temps.

One other thing, the day after I got out of the hospital a woman with whom I was familiar died in an O2 explosion in a shop in Florida. Most likely cause was oil contaminated dirt that entered the valve when the customer dropped the tank in the parking lot. Tank exploded when she hooked up the partially filled tank. Tank valve open, fill valve closed. Several others were injured in the explosion. I'm still looking for my copies of the picts of that tank and will post them if I find them.

Just a good warning to all of you who deal with O2 regularly.

tresi
04-06-2008, 01:19 PM
First of all I hope that the recovery goes well. Welders as a group tend to overlook the dangers of compressed gases because we get as comfortable working with it as tieing our boot laces. I used nearly the same booster pump to top off cylinders of aviators breathing O2 fortunantly with no incidents. However, a guy working for the same company as I lost half a face and nearly bled to death due to a faulty nitrogen reguator. The previous person to use that regulator noted that the working pressure guage was stuck at a low pressure and failed to remove it from the tank and tag it out.

steve45
04-06-2008, 04:33 PM
Wow! Glad you're going to be OK!

tanglediver
04-06-2008, 04:47 PM
I am really sad to hear of it DSW. Heal well and quickly.

TEK
04-06-2008, 09:33 PM
Ah,,guys,,,,read the part where he says 'several years ago'....

Thanks for that experience,DSW.....It just reinforces the cliche.....'Familiarity breeds contempt'.....not saying about you but too many people use things that can kill them, and get too complacent, and then die....

DSW
04-06-2008, 10:36 PM
I use it as a learning experience when I help a good friend of mine teach his gas blending class for diving. The "It happened to me so it can happen to you! I got lucky and survived, others have not!" part of the lecture, to drive home safety tips. I actually had a number of picts of these sort of "minor" mishaps but one of the students walked off with the book. Anyone who comes accross any info or picts on the subject I would appreciate a pm or email so I can rebuild my file.

I'd post picts of my arm today but you will not see anything much. Come summer when I tan a bit the burn scar will be slightly noticable, but I'd most likely have to show you so you would realise it.

Thanks to all who would wish me well, the thought is appreciated.

tanglediver
04-06-2008, 11:17 PM
Ah,,guys,,,,read the part where he says 'several years ago'....



Duh...oops! :blush2:

One teacher of mine related the story of a guy staying at the Colorado river one summer, about that same time, at his vacation trailer site. He went and filled a 5 gallon propane tank for the barbeque and brought it back to place it under the metal car port. While inside, he heard some kind of horrendously loud disturbance from just outside. When upon exiting his trailer, he noticed his propane tank, well the bottom half anyway. They have a horizontal weld running all the way around, and this was back before OPD valves. It let go right around the HAZ of the weld. Summer temperatures combined to expand the liquid beyond the air space left in the tank. The car port roof had a circular hole in it the same size as the tank, but the top of the tank was not found until later at a distance of some three and a half blocks away. Luckily no one was injured.

MAC702
04-07-2008, 03:52 AM
I wonder about things like that on some of these dive boats out here. I tend to eat my lunch on the other side of the boat while the Nitrox tanks are being filled.

lotechman
04-07-2008, 09:14 AM
Unfortunate happening. I have no experience with dive shop procedures however the one shop I worked near always had the back door open and one could see tanks submerged in a large water bath.
Scary stuff.

DSW
04-07-2008, 09:20 AM
Some guys partial preasure fill with pure O2. (Thats what I was doing at the time) Every thing in the system must be cleaned for 100% O2. The air you use must be the cleanest posible for this method. This is done mostly for technical divers doing helium mixes and rebreathers requireing 100% O2.

It's a lot more common on boats to use what is refered to as a blending stick. You add O2 into the compressor intake with the incomming air and watch what the output % is and make adjustments to get what you want. It is harder on the compressor but since the highest O2% is never more than 40% you can still run an oiled compressor and treat it the same as air.

You can also just order the nitrox in premixed bottles like you do mig mix and cascade fill the tanks. (this would have been the end result of what I was mixing. I was filling the cascade bank by partial pressure filling)

I wont disagree with you on being concerned by others filling practices. Many dont have any training at all in filling tanks. I saw a customer bring in a new alum 100 cf tank that we had sold to him before a trip to the keys. It had been filled 6 times. We were to clean it for O2 service. When we checked the tank we found that it had bulged on one side. The customer admited that he saw them fill the tank from 0 to 3500 psi in about a minute with out putting it in water and the tank was so hot he could not touch it. Talk about a "HOT" fill. Tank was scrap due to that. $300 down the drain.

BTW sitting on the other side of the boat probably wont help much on a small boat if the tank goes. on a larger boat I'd try and put something solid between you and them like a bulkhead.

William McCormick Jr
04-07-2008, 06:54 PM
Moisture is often the killer. Sometimes you let your stuff sit with an open connection, and it can take a while even at a vacuum to pull all the water out of a system.

The valves can also get hot, and if they get hot enough they can burn just like a cutting torch burns steel, and will even burn stainless steel to some extent at the right temperature.

Often a valve will malfunction and your pump sits there pumping and heating the same air, over and over, to detonation.

Glad you made it. Hope you get back out there.

Sincerely,


William McCormick